{"id":1161,"date":"2018-02-02T19:43:40","date_gmt":"2018-02-02T18:43:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/?p=1161"},"modified":"2019-02-05T11:10:53","modified_gmt":"2019-02-05T10:10:53","slug":"names-origin-culmsee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/2018\/02\/names-origin-culmsee\/","title":{"rendered":"Herkunft Name(n) CULMsee"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"separator\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">names&#8216; origin of CulmSEE,<br \/>\nLAKE at Chelmza<\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 class=\"separator\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Name(n) \u2013 Ursprung<br \/>\nOrigin of &#8230; name(s)<\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 class=\"separator\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">onomastics \/ Onomastik \/\u00a0Onomasiologie\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"separator\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1166\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1166\" style=\"width: 208px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chemno-Gdansk-MAP-survey.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1166 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chemno-Gdansk-MAP-survey-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"Gdansk Chelmno Chelmza at Poland map\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chemno-Gdansk-MAP-survey-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chemno-Gdansk-MAP-survey.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 208px) 100vw, 208px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1166\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Polska map<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"separator\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Culm<i>see<\/i>\u00a0\/ Kulm<i>see<\/i>\u00a0\/ Kulm \/ Culm \/ Che\u0142mno \/ Che\u0142m\u017ca <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">&#8230;and the\u00a0<i>Lake<\/i>&#8230;<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1168\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1168\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/heraldic-figures-Kulmsee-Kulm-Chelmza.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1168\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/heraldic-figures-Kulmsee-Kulm-Chelmza-300x161.jpg\" alt=\"heraldic figures Kulmsee, Chelmza, Kulm\" width=\"300\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/heraldic-figures-Kulmsee-Kulm-Chelmza-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/heraldic-figures-Kulmsee-Kulm-Chelmza.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1168\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">heraldic figures Kulmsee, Chelmza, Kulm<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4 class=\"separator\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u00a0<i>a compilation of facts \/ data \/<br \/>\n<\/i><i>exchange of ideas \/ flights of thought \/ brainwaves &#8230;<\/i><i><br \/>\n<\/i><\/span><\/h4>\n<div class=\"separator\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><i>\u00a0<\/i>a millennium ago&#8230;:<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><i>fortress on hilltop became town with resettlement and expansion towards lake nearby,<\/i><\/span><\/h4>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><i>Synopsis\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/h3>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5338\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5338\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-5338\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-1600x629.jpg\" alt=\"in the beginning we Culmsees were from LAKE CulmSEE\" width=\"640\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-1600x629.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-800x315.jpg 800w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-768x302.jpg 768w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-500x197.jpg 500w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-1280x503.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake-360x142.jpg 360w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Culmsee-we-from-Lake.jpg 1892w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5338\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #99ccff;\">&#8230;in the beginning we, the <em><strong>Culmsee<\/strong>s<\/em> were from&#8230; the LAKE named <strong>CulmSEE<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><b><span style=\"color: #339966;\">Che\u0142mno<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"color: #808080;\">satellite:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/jjHv6nzyrKn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/jjHv6nzyrKn<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">map:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/uHNLxT7aV6N2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/uHNLxT7aV6N2<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1172\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1172\" style=\"width: 571px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-LAKE.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1172 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-LAKE.jpg\" alt=\"Chelmno Chelmza Culmsee LAKE area\" width=\"571\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-LAKE.jpg 571w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-LAKE-300x277.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1172\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Chelmno Chelmza Culmsee LAKE area<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/E3MhafNQqhC2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/E3MhafNQqhC2<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><b>Che\u0142m\u017ca<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"color: #808080;\">satellite:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/YRuaYcMC5wy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/YRuaYcMC5wy<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">map:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/ajyGYJLzXyP2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/ajyGYJLzXyP2<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #003366;\">What about the orign of\u00a0<i><b>Kulm&#8230;<\/b><\/i>?<\/span><\/h4>\n<div>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Was ist der Ursprung von\u00a0<i><b>Culm&#8230;<\/b><\/i>?<\/span><\/h4>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230;first this note: this webLog arose from a discussion, well, a brainstorming at a facebook group &#8222;&#8230;Culmsee&#8230;&#8220; and thanks to\u00a0<i>Poul<\/i>\u00a0und\u00a0<i>Kai<\/i>\u00a0having inspired to this\u00a0<i>read more<\/i>\u00a0and\u00a0here starts an enterprise to find answers in explanation&#8230;:<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">&#8230;zuerst diese Anmerkung: dieses webLog entstand aus einer Diskussion, besser einem Brainstorming innerhalb einer Facebook-Gruppe\u00a0\u201e&#8230;Culmsee&#8230;\u201c\u00a0und danke an Poul und Kai im Inspirieren auf\u00a0<i>mehr lesen\u00a0<\/i>und hier beginnt ein Vorhaben, Antworten zu finden im Erkl\u00e4ren&#8230;:<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Kulm oder Culm als Name oder Begriff ist ein sog. Toponym, also griechisch\u00a0\u00f3nyma, ein Name, genauer ein geographischer Name (gr.\u00a0t\u00f3pos).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> Folglich suchen wir im Verbund Geowissenschaft \/ Namenskunde.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Der Namensgeber von\u00a0<strong>Culm<i>see<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0ist folglich sekund\u00e4r \u00e0 la Culm am See\u00a0[vereinfacht].<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"> Und die Stadt (ehemals) Culmsee, heutiges\u00a0Che\u0142m\u017ca in Polen, ca. 150 km s\u00fcdlich von Danzig gelegen, 20 km n\u00f6rdlich von Thorn,\u00a0Che\u0142m\u017ca selbst bekam 1251 Stadtrechte, also etwa zwei Jahrzehnte nach\u00a0Che\u0142mno (1233), wenngleich das alte Kulm Anfang 12__ mit dem Bistum Kulm gegr\u00fcndet worden war<span style=\"color: #003366;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">mehr Details hier<\/span> \/ <span style=\"color: #003366;\">more details here:<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\">weniger Details<\/span> \/<span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0fewer details at:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno<\/a><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kulm or Culm being name or term is a so called toponym, thus Greek\u00a0\u00f3nyma, a name, exactly a geographic name (Greek\u00a0\u00a0t\u00f3pos).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"> Therefore we do research at\u00a0composite\u00a0geoscience \/ onomastics.<\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Eponym of\u00a0<strong>Culm<i>see<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0consequently\u00a0secondary is Culm\u00a0[at]\u00a0Lake (German\u00a0= See)\u00a0[simplified].<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"> And the town of (former days) Culmsee, today&#8217;s\u00a0Che\u0142m\u017ca at Poland, located approx. 150 km south of Gda\u0144sk, 20 km north of\u00a0Toru\u0144, itself in 1251 got city rights, thus two decades later than\u00a0Che\u0142mno (in 1233), though the old Kulm in early 12__ had been founded with the\u00a0Bishopric Kulm.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<h4>culmen:<\/h4>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">im Lateinischen steht culmen f\u00fcr Gipfel, Kuppe, Spitze.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ornithologie<\/span> \/ <span style=\"color: #003366;\">ornithology (zoology):<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">dorsal ridge of a bird&#8217;s bil<\/span>l \/\u00a0<span style=\"color: #008000;\">ein Teil des Schnabels vom Emu<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">ridge\u00a0implicates hills&#8230;\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\/ <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bergr\u00fccken einbezieht H\u00fcgel\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">alles ist mit allem in der Wissenschaft verbunden \/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"> <span style=\"color: #003366;\">everything is connected with everything in science<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&gt;&gt;&#8230;people about with the\u00a0surname Culmer\/Kulmer&#8230;&lt;&lt;\u00a0<span style=\"color: #808080;\">[mentioned fb]<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">is easy to explain because &#8222;Kulm&#8220; is name of a town, too, nearby Kulmsee = Culmsee at its homonymous lake and in being\u00a0eponym SEE = LAKE CulmLAKE = KulmLake [K = C because of German&#8217;s former days kind of writing latin C in\u00a0German K].<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> town of Chelmno (approx. 30 km north of Chelmza <span style=\"color: #808080;\">[where I stopped in 2001, too]<\/span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230;in reading of a Kulmer with ending -er is typical designation for a human who comes from a such called lacation, for that such ending\u00a0is possible in its language, e.g. like from\u00a0(city)\u00a0Hamburg an\u00a0(inhabitant)\u00a0Hamburger, from\u00a0(city)\u00a0K\u00f6ln (= Cologne) an\u00a0(inhabitant)\u00a0K\u00f6lner or\u00a0(city)\u00a0Berlin an\u00a0(inhabitant) Berliner. <\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230; by the way\u00a0(inhabitants)\u00a0Hamburger\/Berliner here is a human, no food \ud83d\ude09 approximate to\u00a0&#8222;namesake&#8220; but completely different, just now humas \ud83d\ude09\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Was ist mit dem Nachnamen Culmer \/ Kulmer &#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Das ist einfach zu erkl\u00e4ren, weil \u201eKulm\u201c\u00a0Name einer Stadt ist, ebenso in der N\u00e4he Kulmsee = Culmsee am gleichnamigen See und als Eponym (= Namensgeber) See = Lake Culm<i>See<\/i>\u00a0= Kulm<i>See<\/i>\u00a0[K = C, weil dies beim Schreiben in der Vergangenheit im Deutschen gebr\u00e4uchlich war, auch wegen der lateinischen Schreibweisen].<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Von einem Kulmer lesend mit der Endung -er, ist dies typische Bezeichnung eines Menschen, der von solch einem benannten Ort kommt, f\u00fcr den solch Endung in dieser Sprache m\u00f6glich ist, z.B. wie von\u00a0(Stadt)\u00a0Hamburg der\u00a0(Einwohner)\u00a0Hamburger, von\u00a0(Stadt)\u00a0K\u00f6ln der\u00a0(Einwohner)\u00a0K\u00f6lner oder von\u00a0(Stadt) Berlin der\u00a0(Einwohner)\u00a0Berliner. <\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Nebenbei sind die (Einwohner) Hamburger \/ Berliner hier menschlich, kein Essen\u00a0 \ud83d\ude09\u00a0 &#8230; etwa wie\u00a0\u201eNamensvetter\u201c, aber komplett verschieden, eben wie Menschen \ud83d\ude09\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">research<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search?ns0=1&amp;search=kulmer&amp;searchToken=bpvsqix7zmn0q043xvusun41l\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search?ns0=1&amp;search=kulmer&amp;searchToken=bpvsqix7zmn0q043xvusun41l\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\">the\u00a0<b>Lake<\/b>\u00a0today named\u00a0&#8222;<b>Jezioro Che\u0142m\u017cy\u0144skie<\/b>&#8220;\u00a0itself at Wikipedia<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culmsee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culmsee<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">forwards to \/ is linked t<\/span>o<\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jezioro_Che%C5%82m%C5%BCy%C5%84skie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jezioro_Che%C5%82m%C5%BCy%C5%84skie<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><i>which was created by me<\/i><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\ud83d\ude42<\/div>\n<div>or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Draft:Jezioro_Che%C5%82m%C5%BCy%C5%84skie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Draft:Jezioro_Che%C5%82m%C5%BCy%C5%84skie<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Linie-Jezioro.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1182\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Linie-Jezioro-300x56.jpg\" alt=\"Jezioro Chelmzynskie\" width=\"300\" height=\"56\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Linie-Jezioro-300x56.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Linie-Jezioro.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jezioro Che\u0142m\u017cy\u0144skie is the Polish name of a lake located at the town of Che\u0142m\u017ca in Toru\u0144 County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. Both, town and lake former days (up to 1945) were named in German:\u00a0<i>Culmsee.<\/i>\u00a0The ending &#8230;see means Lake \/ Jezioro. Therefore in 1251 the lake became eponym of the town.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">The lake is up to 6 km long, width up to 0,5 km, up to 27 m deep, has an area of 2,7 km\u00b2.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1188\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1188\" style=\"width: 605px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Jezioro-Chelmzynskie-DE-and-EN.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1188 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Jezioro-Chelmzynskie-DE-and-EN.jpg\" alt=\"Jezioro Chelmzynskie\" width=\"605\" height=\"917\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Jezioro-Chelmzynskie-DE-and-EN.jpg 605w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Jezioro-Chelmzynskie-DE-and-EN-198x300.jpg 198w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1188\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Jezioro Chelmzynskie at <strong>DE. EN.<\/strong> Wikipedia<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Der Jezioro Che\u0142m\u017cy\u0144skie (ehemals: Culmsee) ist ein See, der an die polnische Stadt Che\u0142m\u017ca in der Woiwodschaft Kujawien-Pommern heranreicht. Mit seinen zwei nordwestlichen Ausl\u00e4ufern liegt er auf dem Stadtgebiet. Dieser See, der\u00a0<i>Culmsee,<\/i>\u00a0wurde 1251 zum Namensgeber der Stadt.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Der See ist ca. 6 km lang und bis 0,5 km breit.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Er ist bis zu 27 m tief und hat eine Fl\u00e4che von ca. 2,7 km\u00b2.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>&gt;&gt;<span style=\"color: #008000;\">&#8230; historischen Landschaft\u00a0<b>Kulmerland\u00a0<\/b>&#8230;<\/span>&lt;&lt;<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82m%C5%BCa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82m%C5%BCa<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">historical landscape named Kulmer land (= area) at EN.Wikipedia linked to Che\u0142mno Land<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno_Land\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno_Land<\/a><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulmerland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulmerland<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">erkl\u00e4rt,<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> dass\u00a0\u201eKulm\u201c aus dem <span style=\"color: #808000;\">Slawischen<\/span> stammt, n\u00e4mlich dem Wort\u00a0\u201e<span style=\"color: #808000;\"><strong>chlm<\/strong><\/span>\u201c, welches einen H\u00fcgel bezeichnet und quasi eingedeutscht als\u00a0\u201eKulm\u201c \u00fcbernommen wurde. Als Ortschaft\u00a0\u201eKulm\u201c lag es urspr\u00fcnglich am nahegelegenen\u00a0\u201eLorenzberg\u201c\u00a0(= G\u00f3ra \u015aw. Wawrzy\u0144ca).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">explains<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> that &#8222;Kulm&#8220; stems from slavish &#8222;chlm&#8220; that denotes a hill and quasi had been germanized as &#8222;Kulm&#8220;. As village &#8222;Kulm&#8220; originally lay at proximate &#8222;Lorenzberg&#8220;\u00a0(= G\u00f3ra \u015aw. Wawrzy\u0144ca).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230;but what about hill or hills? well Chelmza&#8217;s\/Chelmno&#8217;s area actually is plain land in driving through&#8230;!<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> [self experienced in 2001]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Was ist mit H\u00fc<\/span>g<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">el oder H\u00fc<\/span>g<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">eln<\/span>? nun,\u00a0Che\u0142m\u017ca&#8217;s \/\u00a0Che\u0142mno&#8217;s\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Umland ist flaches Land<\/span>\u00a0beim Hindurchfahren&#8230;!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>search results:<\/b>\u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"color: #008000;\">Kulm (Geographie)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">&gt;&gt;Kulm steht allgemein f\u00fcr den Gipfel eines Berges, speziell f\u00fcr einen Kegelberg oder eine Kuppe. &#8230;&lt;&lt;according to<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Geographie)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Geographie)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Geographie)#Polen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Geographie)#Polen<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">e.g. Chelmno<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> searching for &#8222;Kulm&#8220; at<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">displays various but<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> look at<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culm<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">with disambiguation<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> or at<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">but interesting &#8222;2nd&#8220; &#8222;Kulm (town)<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Saalfeld)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kulm_(Saalfeld)<\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">located nearby Saalfeld (Th\u00fcringen) = Germany: the Free State of Thuringia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">explaining a 481 meters high hill &#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">well, the roots might go deeper&#8230; in time, before our known ancestors.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-17\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230;just a skip to (e.g.) my native town\u00a0<i>Celle<\/i>\u00a0in Northern Germany. why? in 13th century it was located at another place, approx. 5km distance to today&#8217;s Celle and its castle and that old village today is named Altencelle (old Celle), reason (shortened): burnt. Celle founded, but &#8222;Kellu&#8220; (Celtic) first mentioned 986 &#8230; (settlement at river <em>Aller<\/em>).<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1179\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1179\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Celle-Altencelle.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1179\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Celle-Altencelle-300x183.jpg\" alt=\"towns Celle \/ Altencelle at Germany\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Celle-Altencelle-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Celle-Altencelle-1024x625.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Celle-Altencelle.jpg 1173w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1179\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">towns Celle \/ Altencelle at Germany (for comparison only)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/NFRKz7sAASy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/NFRKz7sAASy<\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-17\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/green_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Transfer to <strong>Kulm\u00a0<\/strong>&#8230;:<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">plain land but where are\/were the hills?? at Chelmno (=Kulm), but where?? I do regard hill(s) disambiguation as eponym, later added &#8230;Lake at 2nd village Culm-Lake, the village 30 km southwards at the lake. reasons: those days distances were very different to our understanding today.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> another direction, 30km too, is located town of Bromberg and &#8230;berg means &#8230;hill (today&#8217;s Bydgoszcz).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> &#8230; and at Lorenzberg since 7th century settlements are known. bishopric \/ diocese Kulm [German:\u00a0<b>Bistum Kulm<\/b>] founded in the land of the hills at river Vistula (German:\u00a0Weichsel). and that&#8217;s too another reason to keep the name Kulm&#8230; reasonned by topographical area of political and tactical interest Kulm&#8230; and the\u00a0<b>Hanseatic League<\/b>\u00a0(German:\u00a0Hanse) in 13th century had been of importance there, too, and remained over the centuries the towns name&#8217;s dimension(s).<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Influences of centuries&#8216; trade and church and striving for power spread furthermore than Kulmerland&#8230; but reasons the steadiness&#8230;!<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">&#8230;this town(s) area saw many wars during last millenium (knights, crusades, &#8230;).<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0&#8230;and the hill \/ Berg named Lorenzberg remains&#8230;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1164\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1164\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1164 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map-1024x788.jpg\" alt=\"Chelmno Chelmza with lake and their &quot;hills&quot; area\" width=\"750\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map-1024x788.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map-300x231.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1164\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #333300;\">Chelmno Chelmza with lake and their &#8222;hills&#8220; area former days&#8230;<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/YEn9Kb1ReWK2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/YEn9Kb1ReWK2<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">(G\u00f3ra \u015aw. Wawrzy\u0144ca) had been the first location of Kulm\/Culm\/Chelmno in a distance of a few kilometers only.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> Zusammen mit Elbing und Thorn war Danzig die f\u00fchrende preu\u00dfische Hansestadt.<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danzig#Hansestadt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danzig#Hansestadt<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gda%C5%84sk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>en.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gda%C5%84sk<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1169\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1169\" style=\"width: 480px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Weichsel-Poland-Vistula.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1169 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Weichsel-Poland-Vistula.jpg\" alt=\"Gdansk towards Chelmno via Vistula\" width=\"480\" height=\"936\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Weichsel-Poland-Vistula.jpg 480w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Weichsel-Poland-Vistula-154x300.jpg 154w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1169\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gdansk towards Chelmno via Vistula<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/jr34ovPikhD2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/jr34ovPikhD2<\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">river\u00a0[German]\u00a0Weichsel = Vistula\u00a0[geographic]\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Together with\u00a0(towns of)\u00a0 Elbl\u0105g\u00a0and Toru\u0144\u00a0[German:\u00a0Elbing,\u00a0Thorn] Gdansk had been been leading Prussian Hanseatic cities.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1175\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1175\" style=\"width: 187px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-s-entry.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1175\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-s-entry.jpg\" alt=\"road sign Chelmno\" width=\"187\" height=\"265\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1175\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">road sign Chelmno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chelmno_2001_June.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chelmno_2001_June.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">11th century first mentioned, 13th city right renewed &#8211; maybe those days the location changed? Maybe, reasonned by comparing DE\/EN\/PL Wikipedia where at\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>pl.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<span style=\"color: #003366;\">is told that &#8222;gr\u00f3d Che\u0142mi\u0144ski&#8220; \/ Che\u0142mi\u0144ski Burg = castle had been\u00a0<b>on top of<\/b>\u00a0St. Wawrzy\u0144ca at today&#8217;s village of Ka\u0142dus where at 11th century a fortress had been built &#8230;<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno#Historia_Che%C5%82mna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>pl.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Che%C5%82mno#<b>Historia<\/b>_Che%C5%82mna<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1171\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1171\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"color: #003300;\" href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1171 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus.jpg\" alt=\"Kaldus south of Chelmna near Vistula\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus.jpg 500w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1171\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><strong>Kaldus south of Chelmna<\/strong> near Vistula<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">area:<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/5UHJykHgFEK2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/5UHJykHgFEK2<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">and especially<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300;\"> <i><b>g\u00f3rze \u015bw. Wawrzy\u0144ca\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1170\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1170\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"color: #003300;\" href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1170 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-map-1024x784.jpg\" alt=\"hill area: Chelmno Kaldus at Vistula\" width=\"750\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-map-1024x784.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-map-300x230.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmno-Kaldus-map.jpg 1095w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1170\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><strong>hill area:<\/strong> Chelmno <strong>Kaldus<\/strong> at Vistula<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/nb8XzPJ3pNG2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/nb8XzPJ3pNG2<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/i><span style=\"color: #003366;\">this link from Che\u0142mno PL &#8222;Historia&#8220;-site the\u00a0<b>hill<\/b>:<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%B3ra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tego_Wawrzy%C5%84ca_(Ka%C5%82dus)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>pl.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%B3ra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tego_Wawrzy%C5%84ca_(Ka%C5%82dus)<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><i>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #c91e1e;\"><a style=\"color: #c91e1e;\" href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%B3ra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tego_Wawrzy%C5%84ca_(Ka%C5%82dus)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">just watch this great\u00a0<b>proof<\/b>\u00a0at Wikipedia of the\u00a0<b>hill<\/b>\u00a0!<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/i><\/h2>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>G\u00f3ra<\/b>\u00a0(Polish) =\u00a0<b>Berg \/ <span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hill<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dict.leo.org\/polnisch-deutsch\/g%C3%B3ra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/dict.leo.org\/polnisch-deutsch\/g%C3%B3ra<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ka%C5%82dus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>de.<\/b>wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ka%C5%82dus<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">explaining<\/span> &#8222;&#8230; G\u00f3ra \u015bw. Wawrzy\u0144ca (Lorenzberg) &#8230;&#8220;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">telling of an elevation \/ rise [geological] at\u00a0Early Middle Ages &#8230; at Vistula &#8230; early\u00a0Romanesque (architecture)\u00a0basilica from first half of 11th century &#8230; (translated excerpt from Wikipedia)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">averment: here&#8217;s the proof\u00a0picture\u00a0from &#8222;Rezerwat&#8220;,<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\"> hill picture:<\/span><\/h3>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d63131;\"><a style=\"color: #d63131;\" href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plik:Gora_Sw._Wawrzynca_kolo_Chelmna_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>pl.wikipedia<\/b>.org\/wiki\/Plik:Gora_Sw._Wawrzynca_kolo_Chelmna_(2).jpg<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gora_Sw._Wawrzynca_kolo_Chelmna_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/commons.<b>wikimedia<\/b>.org\/wiki\/File:Gora_Sw._Wawrzynca_kolo_Chelmna_(2).jpg<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">or further pictures search results via<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?search=Gora+Sw.+Wawrzynca&amp;title=Special:Search&amp;go=Go&amp;searchToken=bkofj4yaqrsfdiebk21ozqv57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?search=Gora+Sw.+Wawrzynca&amp;title=Special:Search&amp;go=Go&amp;searchToken=bkofj4yaqrsfdiebk21ozqv57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/<b>commons.wikimedia<\/b>.org\/w\/index.php?search=Gora+Sw.+Wawrzynca&amp;title=Special:Search&amp;go=Go&amp;searchToken=bkofj4yaqrsfdiebk21ozqv57<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u201e&#8230; Gel\u00e4ndeerh\u00f6hung &#8230; im fr\u00fchen Mittelalter &#8230; an der Weichsel &#8230; fr\u00fchromanischen Basilika aus der ersten H\u00e4lfte des 11. Jahrhunderts &#8230;\u201c (Wikipedia, Auszug)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u015awi\u0119tego = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">heilig &#8230;<\/span> \/ <span style=\"color: #003366;\">holy, scared &#8230;<\/span><br \/>\nWawrzy\u0144ca = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Lorenz<\/span> \/ <span style=\"color: #003366;\">Lawrence<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #003366;\">according to &#8222;Pons&#8220; and<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wawrzyniec_z_Rzymu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wawrzyniec_z_Rzymu<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"Trennlinie\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500-300x2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/yellow_line_500.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><span style=\"color: #339966;\">Hope you enjoyed this compilation<\/span>\u00a0<\/i><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><b>\ud83d\ude42<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/grey_line_250.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-18\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/grey_line_250-300x2.jpg\" alt=\"grey_line_250\" width=\"300\" height=\"2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/grey_line_250.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/grey_line_250-150x2.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">all maps from &#8222;Google Maps&#8220;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Ende-webLog-Seite.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-91\" src=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Ende-webLog-Seite-300x12.jpg\" alt=\"Ende Info-Seite\" width=\"300\" height=\"12\" srcset=\"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Ende-webLog-Seite-300x12.jpg 300w, https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Ende-webLog-Seite.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #666699;\">1.469 views<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Chelmza-Chelmno-Kulm-with-Poland-map.jpg\"><br \/>\n<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ursprung Culmsee \/ Kulmsee \/ Kulm \/ Culm \/ Che\u0142mno \/ Che\u0142m\u017ca &#8230; and the Lake &#8230; (Namenskunde, Toponymie, Eponyme)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118,2,117,25],"tags":[119,73,74,120,121,122,123,124,125],"class_list":["post-1161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chelmza","category-computer","category-culmsee","category-google-maps","tag-chelmno","tag-chelmza","tag-culmsee","tag-kulm","tag-namenkunde","tag-namensforschung","tag-onomasiologie","tag-onomastics","tag-onomastik"],"views":1469,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1161"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/culmsee.com\/wordpress-weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}